Depends on what factor of an application is tested and by when the specific part of an application is tested, the testing methodology is evolved in terms of following testing methods:
Black Box Testing: It is defined as method of testing in which one can perform testing on an application without having internal structural knowledge of the application.
Usually this testing is done by the test engineer without internal structural knowledge but with thorough functional knowledge.
White Box Testing: It is defined as method of testing in which one can perform Testing on an application (program part of it) having internal structural knowledge.
This testing is done by the developers. This testing focus upon the programming part of an application where as black box testing on functional part. Hence the test engineer must be functional expert and the developer must be program expert.
Gray Box Testing: It is defined as another derived method of testing in which both the techniques of white box as well as black box techniques are applied.
In other words, Gray box testing is basically done by the test engineer but with internal structural knowledge in order to make sure that the testing is effective to hint the developer and to point out the error straight away, optimizing the developer’s rectification process.
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